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The protein concentration of each product is listed on the Certificate of Analysis. This value is determined for each individual lot and reflects the actual concentration (mg/mL) of the material you received.

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Where can I find the final buffer composition?

The final buffer formulation is provided on the Certificate of Analysis. This includes buffer components, pH, and whether the product was supplied as a liquid or lyophilized powder.

Immunoglobulin G, Light Chain

Name: Immunoglobulin G, Light Chain
SKU: 16-16-090707-LC-1MG
Availability: InStock

IgG LC

Comprised of either kappa or lambda subtypes, this polypeptide is important for antigen recognition and antibody diversity. Normally, kappa is the predominant subtype in circulation.

Purity: ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)

Source: Human Plasma

Molecular Weight: 23 kDa

Form: Frozen

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SDS Datasheet COO

Product Description

Role of protein in biology

The IgG light chain, comprising either kappa (κ) or lambda (λ) subtypes, is a 25 kDa polypeptide critical for antigen recognition and antibody diversity. Each light chain pairs with a heavy chain via disulfide bonds, forming the variable (VL) and constant (CL) domains that confer antigen-binding specificity and structural stability. In humans, κ and λ light chains maintain a serum ratio of ~2:1 for intact IgG, while free light chains (FLCs) exhibit a 1:1.5 ratio. Deviations from these ratios, particularly κ/λ FLC ratios <0.26 or >1.65, signal monoclonal proliferation in conditions like multiple myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS).

Common research uses

Pathologically, misfolded IgG light chains drive AL amyloidosis, forming insoluble fibrils in organs such as the heart and kidneys, while non-fibrillar deposits in light chain deposition disease (LCDD) cause renal failure and hepatic dysfunction. Bence Jones proteins, urinary FLCs detected in 66% of myeloma cases, reflect clonal plasma cell activity. Elevated polyclonal FLCs also contribute to inflammatory diseases by activating mast cells and neutrophils. Clinically, serum FLC assays supersede urine tests for sensitivity in diagnosing oligosecretory myeloma and monitoring treatment response. Immunohistochemistry leveraging light chain restriction (κ or λ predominance) aids in differentiating reactive lymphoproliferations from B-cell lymphomas.

Common uses include immune system research, IVD assay standards, calibrators and controls.