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Cathepsin L (CTSL) is one of the most potent lysosomal cysteine endopeptidases, demonstrating significantly higher specific activity than cathepsins B and H in degrading physiological protein substrates. As a member of the papain-like protease family, CTSL plays crucial roles in protein catabolism, antigen processing, bone resorption, and ovulation.
CTSL is widely expressed in eukaryotic cells, functioning primarily within lysosomes but also secreted extracellularly. It efficiently degrades various substrates including extracellular matrix proteins (laminins, fibronectin, collagens), cytoplasmic, and nuclear proteins. CTSL exhibits specificity for aromatic residues in the P2 position with limited prime-site selectivity 4.
CTSL is significantly upregulated in multiple cancer types, particularly breast cancer, where it serves as a powerful predictor of relapse and survival following treatment. Its ability to degrade extracellular matrix facilitates tumor invasion and metastasis.
CTSL plays key roles in, coronary heart disease progression, SARS-CoV-2 infection, and pulmonary emphysema development.
CTSL represents a promising therapeutic target, with inhibitors showing potential in preventing cancer metastasis, treating COVID-19 by blocking viral entry mechanisms, and managing atherosclerosis progression.
Common uses include proteolytic enzyme studies, cancer research, cardiovascular research.
Not a hazardous substance or mixture.
12 - Non Combustible Liquids
